When your beloved furry friend isn’t feeling well, it’s one of the most worrying moments for a pet parent. A sudden lack of appetite or a subtle change in behavior can send you into a panic, but knowing what to look for can make all the difference. This guide on common pet ailments is designed to help you become more observant of your pet’s health, so you can recognize the signs early and get them back to their happy, healthy selves.

Digestive Issues: Vomiting and Diarrhea

Occasional digestive upset can be normal, especially if your pet has gotten into something they shouldn’t have. However, persistent vomiting or diarrhea can be a sign of a more serious issue. You should be concerned if these issues are frequent, prolonged, or if they contain blood. Be sure to also watch for other symptoms like lethargy, weakness, or a loss of appetite. If you also notice signs of dehydration, such as dry gums or a lack of skin elasticity, you should seek veterinary attention immediately. Severe or prolonged digestive issues can be signs of a foreign body obstruction, a severe infection, or an allergic reaction, all of which require professional care.

Skin and Coat Issues: Fleas, Ticks, and Allergies

A healthy coat is a good indicator of a healthy pet. Skin problems are a very common reason for vet visits and can be caused by parasites or allergies. Look for symptoms such as excessive scratching, licking, or biting. You might also notice red, inflamed skin or bald spots. A close look might reveal visible fleas, ticks, or small scabs. For flea and tick prevention, you can use a vet-approved topical treatment or oral medication. If the scratching is so severe that it is causing skin damage, or if you suspect a food or environmental allergy, it’s time for a professional diagnosis. Your vet can provide long-term solutions, such as prescription medication or allergy testing.

Ear Infections

Ear infections are a common and painful ailment for both dogs and cats, particularly those with floppy ears. They can be caused by bacteria, yeast, or allergies. You can often spot an infection if your pet is frequently shaking their head or pawing at their ears. Other signs include a foul odor, redness or swelling in the ear flap, and a dark, waxy, or yellowish discharge. It’s also a major red flag if they cry or yelp when their ear is touched. Ear infections will not go away on their own and can worsen without treatment, so if you notice any of these symptoms, a vet visit is essential for a proper cleaning and prescription ear drops.

Dental Disease

Dental issues are one of the most overlooked health problems in pets. By the time they are three years old, many pets show signs of dental disease. The most common symptom to watch for is persistent bad breath, which is more than just “doggy breath.” You might also notice yellow or brown tartar on their teeth, red or bleeding gums, and difficulty eating, such as dropping food or a change in chewing habits.

Regular dental chews and brushing can help, but if your pet shows any of these symptoms, they likely need a professional dental cleaning under anesthesia. Untreated dental disease can lead to painful tooth loss and even serious infections in other parts of the body, including the heart, kidneys, and liver.

Joint Pain and Arthritis

As pets age, joint pain and arthritis can become a problem. It can be difficult to recognize because they often hide their discomfort. Be observant and watch for a reluctance to climb stairs, jump onto furniture, or run. You might also notice stiffness or limping, especially after a period of rest, or difficulty getting up from a lying position. A general decrease in their desire to play and constant licking at a specific joint are also common signs. If you notice any of these symptoms, a vet can confirm the diagnosis with an examination and x-rays. Early management with supplements, medication, and proper exercise can significantly improve your pet’s quality of life.

You know your pet better than anyone. Trust your intuition. If something seems “off,” it’s always better to be safe and contact your veterinarian. Being proactive and aware of these common symptoms is the best way to ensure your best friend stays healthy and happy for years to come.